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		<description>This is a serialised audiobook of the most comprehensive and respected biography on South Africa's president. Written by UCT Political Science professor Anthony Butler and read by Biznews founder Alec Hogg, it's broken into 28 instalments, with a fresh one published weekly on Mondays. The full audiobook is available for sale at R240 (incl VAT). Email jeanette@biznews.com for more details.</description>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2020 19:27:16 +0200</pubDate>
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		<title>Preface to the Third Edition</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[Author Anthony Butler shares why this book was two decades in gestation, and why it was appropriate to provide a comprehensive update for the third edition's publication in February 2019. The Preface is followed by 27 chapters telling the story of the South African and African Union president, Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa. ]]></description>
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		<title>Chapter One - No place to rest</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[In the opening chapter of Anthony Butler's biography, we meet Cyril Ramaphosa's family and get a feeling if what it was like to be a black person born into the South Africa of the early 1950s. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2020 16:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
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						<itunes:title>Chapter One - No place to rest</itunes:title>
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		<title>Chapter Two - High school</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[In this chapter, we follow the future president's secondary schooling career, notable for the continued deep links to Christianity. The first, a Sowetan high school named after the cleric and educator SG Sekano Ntoane. The second, to introduce teenage Cyril to his family's Venda roots, at the Mphaphuli High School in the small town of Sibasa in the far northern reaches of South Africa. Biographer Anthony Butler describes this modest establishment as one of the three best Venda language schools and among the first to add science to its curriculum. As we learn in this chapter, the school enjoyed a measure of independence, its buildings having been funded by 26 000 Venda taxpayers with no support forthcoming from the Apartheid government due to "lack of resources". We also see Cyril emerge as a leader through the Student Christian Movement. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2020 15:28:00 +0200</pubDate>
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						<itunes:title>Chapter Two - High school</itunes:title>
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		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this chapter, we follow the future president's secondary schooling career, notable for the continued deep links to Christianity. The first, a Sowetan high school named after the cleric and educator SG Sekano Ntoane. The second, to introduce teenage Cyril to his family's Venda roots, at the Mphaphuli High School in the small town of Sibasa in the far northern reaches of South Africa. Biographer Anthony Butler describes this modest establishment as one of the three best Venda language schools and among the first to add science to its curriculum. As we learn in this chapter, the school enjoyed a measure of independence, its buildings having been funded by 26 000 Venda taxpayers with no support forthcoming from the Apartheid government due to "lack of resources". We also see Cyril emerge as a leader through the Student Christian Movement.]]></itunes:summary>
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		<title>Chapter Three - Turfloop</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[This chapter of Anthony Butler's biography of SA president Cyril Ramaphosa provides an insight into the way the Apartheid government applied its social engineering policies to the country's five black universities. Ramaphosa enrolled at the Turfloop campus of the University of the North in early 1972, one of almost 1,150 students. In line with government policy, Turfloop was designed to cater for those from Venda, Tswana, Pedi and Sotho ethnic groups. Cape Town's University of the Western Cape for Coloureds; University of Durban Westville for Indians; University of Zululand for Zulus; and the most prestigious of the five, University of Fort Hare in the Eastern Cape, the only one that managed to recruit from all over the country. In this chapter, CR starts to make a name for himself through his involved in student politic leadership. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2020 16:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
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						<itunes:title>Chapter Three - Turfloop</itunes:title>
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		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[This chapter of Anthony Butler's biography of SA president Cyril Ramaphosa provides an insight into the way the Apartheid government applied its social engineering policies to the country's five black universities. Ramaphosa enrolled at the Turfloop campus of the University of the North in early 1972, one of almost 1,150 students. In line with government policy, Turfloop was designed to cater for those from Venda, Tswana, Pedi and Sotho ethnic groups. Cape Town's University of the Western Cape for Coloureds; University of Durban Westville for Indians; University of Zululand for Zulus; and the most prestigious of the five, University of Fort Hare in the Eastern Cape, the only one that managed to recruit from all over the country. In this chapter, CR starts to make a name for himself through his involved in student politic leadership.]]></itunes:summary>
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		<title>Chapter Four - Detention</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[As a young man, South Africa's president Cyril Ramaphosa was among the 70,000 who were jailed, without trial, by the Apartheid Government, In this Chapter, biographer Anthony Butler revisits a little remembered fact of how, in 1974/5, Ramaphosa was put into solitary confinement for 11 months. And explains how this experience changed the man who was to make such a huge impact on his nation. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2020 10:45:00 +0200</pubDate>
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		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[As a young man, South Africa's president Cyril Ramaphosa was among the 70,000 who were jailed, without trial, by the Apartheid Government, In this Chapter, biographer Anthony Butler revisits a little remembered fact of how, in 1974/5, Ramaphosa was put into solitary confinement for 11 months. And explains how this experience changed the man who was to make such a huge impact on his nation.]]></itunes:summary>
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		<title>Chapter Five - 16th June 1976, the day Apartheid began crumbling</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[In this fascinating chapter, the biography revisits the Soweto Riots when schoolchildren in South Africa's largest township arranged their own mass protest against being taught in Afrikaans. June 16th, and the SA Police's shooting of four protesters, was a turning point for the country - and for the Ramaphosa family. The unrest spread to 200 other communities and eight months later 575 people had died. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2020 07:33:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>7</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter Five - 16th June 1976, the day Apartheid began crumbling</itunes:title>
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		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this fascinating chapter, the biography revisits the Soweto Riots when schoolchildren in South Africa's largest township arranged their own mass protest against being taught in Afrikaans. June 16th, and the SA Police's shooting of four protesters, was a turning point for the country - and for the Ramaphosa family. The unrest spread to 200 other communities and eight months later 575 people had died.]]></itunes:summary>
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		<title>Chapter Six - Behind enemy lines</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[The biography now starts to hone in on Ramaphosa's rapid rise to the upper echelons. This chapter, set in 1978, tracks the 25 year old Sowetan's relationship with the Menell family which led to an elevation onto the board of the Urban Foundation, serving alongside what were then the most powerful men in South African business. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2020 20:47:00 +0200</pubDate>
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		<podcast:episode>8</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter Six - Behind enemy lines</itunes:title>
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		<itunes:episode>8</itunes:episode>
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		<itunes:duration>53:32</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[The biography now starts to hone in on Ramaphosa's rapid rise to the upper echelons. This chapter, set in 1978, tracks the 25 year old Sowetan's relationship with the Menell family which led to an elevation onto the board of the Urban Foundation, serving alongside what were then the most powerful men in South African business.]]></itunes:summary>
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		<title>Chapter Seven - Start of Part Two: Black unions</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[This chapter of the audiobook, which starts with an incredibly ignorant (and insulting) quote from the leader of the all-white Mineworkers' Union Arrie Paulus, exposes seeds of the massive role Cyril Ramaphosa was to play in defeating Apartheid. Pressure from trade unions was one of the major forces that shifted National Party policy. And as we hear in this chapter, it was Ramaphosa's organisational skill and attention to detail that created by far the most powerful of these bodies, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM). ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2020 06:41:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>9</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter Seven - Start of Part Two: Black unions</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>9</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>43:50</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[This chapter of the audiobook, which starts with an incredibly ignorant (and insulting) quote from the leader of the all-white Mineworkers' Union Arrie Paulus, exposes seeds of the massive role Cyril Ramaphosa was to play in defeating Apartheid. Pressure from trade unions was one of the major forces that shifted National Party policy. And as we hear in this chapter, it was Ramaphosa's organisational skill and attention to detail that created by far the most powerful of these bodies, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM).]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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	<item>
		<title>Chapter Eight: NUM - Small beginnings</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/927460</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/927460</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Historians point to the Wiehahn Commission's recommendations that changed South Africa's labour legislation as one of the most important steps in the peaceful transformation of a country widely tipped for a bloody civil war. In this chapter we hear of how Cyril Ramaphosa met the man who was to become his ally at the National Union of Mineworkers, James Motlatsi, and combined efforts with other agents for change. And track the development of CR's negotiating skills as he mouled the National Union of Mineworkers into a potent force that confronted the all-powerful Chamber of Mines. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 20 Sep 2020 15:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>10</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter Eight: NUM - Small beginnings</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>10</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>41:36</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Historians point to the Wiehahn Commission's recommendations that changed South Africa's labour legislation as one of the most important steps in the peaceful transformation of a country widely tipped for a bloody civil war. In this chapter we hear of how Cyril Ramaphosa met the man who was to become his ally at the National Union of Mineworkers, James Motlatsi, and combined efforts with other agents for change. And track the development of CR's negotiating skills as he mouled the National Union of Mineworkers into a potent force that confronted the all-powerful Chamber of Mines.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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	<item>
		<title>Chapter 9 - The Great Negotiator</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/930899</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/930899</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Listen carefully to this chapter and you'll end up realising that those who under-estimate South Africa's president do so at their peril. Biographer Anthony Butler exposes how CR's negotiation skills were put to the test in the mid-1980s against a powerful, far better resourced opponent - and found not to be wanting. Some great negotiating tips for the rest of us, too. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2020 18:57:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>11</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 9 - The Great Negotiator</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>11</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>35:25</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Listen carefully to this chapter and you'll end up realising that those who under-estimate South Africa's president do so at their peril. Biographer Anthony Butler exposes how CR's negotiation skills were put to the test in the mid-1980s against a powerful, far better resourced opponent - and found not to be wanting. Some great negotiating tips for the rest of us, too.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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		<title>Chapter 10 - Entrenching union power; streetfighting in the corporate's boxing ring</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/937938</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/937938</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Streetfighters have little time for the Marquis of Queensbury. Similarly, when Ramaphosa-led National Union of Minerworkers came up against the establishment, discussions were never going to be "gentlemanly". The mining houses had the money, but Cyril the numbers. In this chapter, biographer Anthony Butler unpacks the journey that made NUM into such a potent force for change. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2020 17:59:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>12</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 10 - Entrenching union power; streetfighting in the corporate's boxing ring</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>12</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>58:18</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Streetfighters have little time for the Marquis of Queensbury. Similarly, when Ramaphosa-led National Union of Minerworkers came up against the establishment, discussions were never going to be "gentlemanly". The mining houses had the money, but Cyril the numbers. In this chapter, biographer Anthony Butler unpacks the journey that made NUM into such a potent force for change.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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		<title>Chapter 11 - August 1987</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/941605</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/941605</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the last of five chapters where biographer Anthony Butler focuses on his subject's successful mission to create a counterbalance to the Apartheid government. It details the events leading up to the fateful 10 August 1987 when 300 000 mineworkers went out on strike - forever changing the balance of power. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Sun, 18 Oct 2020 17:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>13</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 11 - August 1987</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>13</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>1:03:29</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[This is the last of five chapters where biographer Anthony Butler focuses on his subject's successful mission to create a counterbalance to the Apartheid government. It details the events leading up to the fateful 10 August 1987 when 300 000 mineworkers went out on strike - forever changing the balance of power.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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		<title>Chapter 12 - Domestic opposition</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/1000499</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/1000499</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In this chapter, while the developments suggested that a change of regime would one day become inescapable, organised political opposition was required to close down the National Party's avenues for evasion and delay. In this 1980s endgame of the struggle against apartheid, domestic rather international actors played the decisive role. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2021 10:13:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>14</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 12 - Domestic opposition</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>14</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>35:43</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this chapter, while the developments suggested that a change of regime would one day become inescapable, organised political opposition was required to close down the National Party's avenues for evasion and delay. In this 1980s endgame of the struggle against apartheid, domestic rather international actors played the decisive role.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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		<title>Chapter 13 - Becoming ANC</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/1017537</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/1017537</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In this chapter, Cosatu was widely and immediately recognised by liberation movement exiles as a triumph. Resolutions adopted at the inaugural congress - including demands for the withdrawal of troops from townships, the release of political prisoners, the unbanning of illegal movements and parties, and the imposition of economic sanctions by other countries - were overtly political and promised to place the federation squarely in the ANC camp. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Tue, 30 Mar 2021 11:56:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>15</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 13 - Becoming ANC</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>15</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>53:37</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this chapter, Cosatu was widely and immediately recognised by liberation movement exiles as a triumph. Resolutions adopted at the inaugural congress - including demands for the withdrawal of troops from townships, the release of political prisoners, the unbanning of illegal movements and parties, and the imposition of economic sanctions by other countries - were overtly political and promised to place the federation squarely in the ANC camp.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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	<item>
		<title>Chapter 14 - By Mandela's side</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/1017539</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/1017539</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[At the end of the 1980's, popular unrest swept the country. In reaction, the besieged National Party (NP) desperately used state coercion to contain a growing crescendo of protest. Many of its leaders now recognised that a negotiated settlement, on its own terms, was the only way to avert disaster. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Tue, 30 Mar 2021 12:16:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>16</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 14 - By Mandela's side</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>16</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>27:04</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[At the end of the 1980's, popular unrest swept the country. In reaction, the besieged National Party (NP) desperately used state coercion to contain a growing crescendo of protest. Many of its leaders now recognised that a negotiated settlement, on its own terms, was the only way to avert disaster.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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	<item>
		<title>Chapter 15 - ANC Secretary General</title>
		<link>https://iono.fm/e/1017542</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://iono.fm/e/1017542</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As a result of Ramaphosa's skilful management of the release and reception of Robben Island prisoners, he was now something less of an ANC outsider. He was still just a trade union leader with a limited UDF base, regarded as a 'Johnny-come-lately' by many exile and Robben Island grandees. Yet, Cyril was also suddenly everywhere, and often at the side of this man, Nelson Mandela, whom everyone wanted to see. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Tue, 30 Mar 2021 12:23:00 +0200</pubDate>
				<podcast:season>1</podcast:season>
		<podcast:episode>17</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 15 - ANC Secretary General</itunes:title>
		<itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
		<itunes:episode>17</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
					<itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
				<itunes:image href="https://cdn.iono.fm/files/p1500/logo_5507_20250910_202436_1400.jpeg"/>
		<itunes:duration>38:29</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[As a result of Ramaphosa's skilful management of the release and reception of Robben Island prisoners, he was now something less of an ANC outsider. He was still just a trade union leader with a limited UDF base, regarded as a 'Johnny-come-lately' by many exile and Robben Island grandees. Yet, Cyril was also suddenly everywhere, and often at the side of this man, Nelson Mandela, whom everyone wanted to see.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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		<title>Chapter 16 - BC: Negotiations, 1984 to 1991</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[The road to talks had been long and winding. Throughout the 1980's, powerful forces pushed by leaders of the ANC and the NP towards negotiation. By the time FW de Klerk seized the state presidency in late 1989, there had been a wide variety of contracts between liberation movement leaders and representatives of the regime's civilian intelligence services. ]]></description>
					<category>Government</category>
				<pubDate>Tue, 30 Mar 2021 12:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
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		<podcast:episode>18</podcast:episode>
						<itunes:title>Chapter 16 - BC: Negotiations, 1984 to 1991</itunes:title>
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		<itunes:episode>18</itunes:episode>
		<itunes:author>Biography by Anthony Butler</itunes:author>
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		<itunes:summary><![CDATA[The road to talks had been long and winding. Throughout the 1980's, powerful forces pushed by leaders of the ANC and the NP towards negotiation. By the time FW de Klerk seized the state presidency in late 1989, there had been a wide variety of contracts between liberation movement leaders and representatives of the regime's civilian intelligence services.]]></itunes:summary>
				<source url="https://rss.iono.fm/rss/chan/5507">Cyril Ramaphosa - The Road to Presidential Power by Anthony Butler</source>
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